Movable Buildings

Building Science is advancing all the time. Because of  new construction materials and new building methods that are being introduced  every  year, the building science experts have to keep up and help out designers with effective  means of  building  new construction. Making sure the occupants are healthy and safe from  polluted air and making sure they are comfortable are their number one priorities. The relationships to electrical and mechanical systems of building science, including the building envelope, indoor air, moisture dynamics, ventilation, and thermal  insulation  have to be taken  seriously. It is becoming clear that building designers must have some knowledge of  building  science and the performance of the building enclosure in order to design better building enclosures and better buildings. In this sense prefab construction is most attractive method. Prefabricated  building is a type of  building  that  consists  of  several  factory-built  components or units that are  assembled on-site to complete the unit.

Prefabricated construction

Buildings have been built in one place and reassembled in another throughout history. Possibly the first advertised  prefab  house was the Manning Portable Cottage. A London carpenter, Henry Manning, constructed a house that was built in components, then shipped and assembled by British emigrants. A few still stand in Australia (South Australian Record, 1837). One such  is the Friends  Meeting  House, Adelaide. The peak year for the importation of portable buildings to Australia was 1853, when  several  hundred  arrived. These have been identified as coming from Liverpool, Boston and Singapore (with Chinese instructions for  re-assembly). In Barbados the Chattel  house  was a form of  prefabricated  building  which  was developed  by emancipated slaves who had  limited  rights to build  up on  land  they did not own.  As the buildings were moveable they were legally regarded as chattels.

They're a 21st century super power with super computers and a super economy that's the envy of the world.,China can claim  another  title - the fastest builders on the planet after putting up a 30-storey  183,000-square-foot  hotel  in  just  360 hours(15 days). A construction crew in the south-central Chinese city of Changsha completed this remarkable  achievement with no injuries to any worker.

Pre-fabricated construction is not entirely new to the Indian  construction  space. Office and commercial buildings have been using prefab wall panels, ceiling panels, plasterboards and flooring systems to create interiors of offices and  other  places  such  as  hospitals. 10-storey prefab building built in 48 hours  in Mohali. Over 200 skilled workers, technicians, engineers and equipment were engaged in the building construction. This was first one in India. In this row Banglore  marked the feet next.

Buying  a  ready-made  modular  kitchen or  bathroom  is  now  par  for  the course for  a  number  of  Indians. But  what  if  you could  go to a store, buy a house and get  it  assembled  on  your  plot? With  pre-fabricated, or prefab, technology becoming popular, this might become a reality in a few years.

Low Price-Long life

Prefab technologies can be used to build homes quickly and cost-effectively, especially as traditional construction  costs continue to rise. As the cost of  borrowing  is  steep and developers are facing a liquidity crunch, time means money. Modular construction is faster and adds to the revenue stream of  builders.

Prefab  technology  involves  use of  factory-manufactured components in buildings. Some commonly used prefab  materials  include  steel  frames  for structures, panels made of wood, cement, gypsum and other materials for  floors, walls and ceilings, factory-made doors, windows and ventilators.

In large  construction  projects, various  modules of the structure are cast off-site  in  factories and then assembled  on  the site. In  the  process, prefab materials such as wall and terrace blocks, wall panels, steel frames  and  plaster  boards  are used along with innovations such as the dry-wall technique. In prefab technology, the entire building can be designed  using  architecture  software. Later, components such as steel frames, wall and ceiling  panels  and  floor tiles  can  be custom-made. The components are then brought to the construction  site and the structure is assembled on-site. Houses using steel frames for structure can  have multiple stories without  pillars, beams  and concrete. Alternatively, the main structure and outer walls can be constructed  using the  conventional  techniques  and  inside partitioning and  interiors done with prefab materials.

Pre-fabricated  concrete  panels  as shear  walls and roof  slabs, which are assembled like Lego blocks. Apart from prefab panels, complete kitchen and bathroom units are also being assembled as separate units with complete electrical and plumbing  systems. These kitchen  and  bathroom  pods are then fit  into place.

Prefab  construction  reduces construction  time and improves the quality of the building. Though  prefab materials are 15-20% expensive  than  the  traditional  ones,  higher efficiency and  less wastage  and  labour costs  can  bring down the overall cost substantially for large buildings. They also eliminate the need for auxiliary  activities  such as  plastering, electrical wiring and plumbing as these are done at the casting stage itself.  Buildings  constructed  using  prefab technologies  have a life span of  30-50 years, equivalent to the life span of structures using conventional methods.

Easily Change The Structure

Using  prefab materials  in buildings also gives flexibility in terms of expansion and  modifications. Most of these  buildings  are  modular  with  independent  blocks  that  can  be added  or  removed. Computer-aided design  and  certain  materials  produce  structures  which  can be  easily  assembled  and  dismantled  a  number of  times without  damage.  Additionally, changes  in  the  structure  can  be  made on-site  in a short span of time.  Prefab  panels and  boards  are  eight-ten times  lighter  than  brick-and-mortar  walls. This reduces the load  on  the structure, which lowers the building cost. The use of prefab materials gives the option of customising buildings for specific needs such as fire and water  resistance and sound-proofing.  Most of the demand  for  prefab materials is from large developers and  for  commercial  spaces such as offices. Use by individuals  for  their  homes is yet to gain  popularity. prefab  construction  techniques, quite  common  in developed  countries, will become popular in India too.The use of  pre-fabricated  materials  and  methods  is on  the  rise in the US as the construction  industry has begun to adapt to changing  market conditions, new  materials  and  methodologies.  The prefab buidings are attractive, comfortable, affordable, and healthy and zero-carbon and also can withstand magnitude of 8.5 earthquake and strong winds.

Finland Moving Building

The World’s First Truly Mobile Apartment Building is Completed in Finland  Moving  Building. A Finnish architecture  group  has  just  built  and  successfully  installed  the  world's  first  mobile  apartment  building. The 3-story, steel-framed building  is  a whopping 108 feet  long, 40 feet high and weighs a total of 485,017 pounds. It was completely assembled. Finnish  architecture has just built and successfully installed this and assembled in a shipyard  warehouse  and  successfully  moved  en masse to a water front location in Turku, Finland earlier this month. NEAPO, the company that built and moved the building, is an architecture and construction  company  that  has roots  in the ship building  industry, so it's no wonder they are so good at moving large steel objects.

HUMAN EXISTENSE WITH MUSIC

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Music is a vital part of human existence, it is used to express people’s thoughts and feelings about themselves and the world around them. Can you imagine watching a movie or attending a wedding without music to enhance the drama and create a vibrant effect? Music is everywhere; it is heard on television, radio, and movies as well as in ceremonies and church services. In fact, music is often used to teach language and culture because songs encode cultural meanings and world views. In essence, songs tell thousands of human stories, and it is difficult to imagine a culture without music.

Lift people’s moods

Listening to and performing music involves nearly every region of the brain and almost every neural subsystem, so a rich environment for learning is provided. Many regions of the brain are triggered when listening to music. The brain stem, cerebellum, and cochlear nuclei are the areas at the base of the brain that become activated when first listening to music. Then auditory cortices on both sides of the brain process various sounds. When listening to music one is familiar with, the hippocampus or memory center is triggered. Tapping with the music either outwardly or inside one’s head relies upon the timing found in the cerebellum. Performing music as a singer, conductor, or instrumentalist involves the frontal lobes which are responsible for planning movements. In addition, two other parts of the brain are activated during performance. These include the motor cortex in the back of the frontal lobe and the sensory cortex which tells if one pressed the correct key on the instrument. When reading music, the visual cortex in the back of the head is triggered. Recalling or listening to lyrics involves language centers in the frontal and temporal lobes, the latter being responsible for hearing and memory. The emotions experienced in listening to and performing music originate in the limbic system which controls emotions. In particular, the network found in the mesolimbic system, which is involved in arousal and pleasure, transmits opioids and produces dopamine, a chemical that is associated with a positive mood. This is the reason music has been known to help lift people’s moods when they feel down.

Starts at womb

It is interesting that the initial start of language production in babies involves babbling sounds which have small elements of melodic contour. Research has shown that babies respond to both music and language in the womb, indicating that auditory memory and sound discrimination occurs before birth. Dr. Alfred Tomatis used fiber optic cameras to observe babies in utero. He discovered that they moved a specific muscle, such as an arm or leg, each time they heard a particular phoneme. Tomatis’ discovery suggests the importance of combining sensory input with action for learning to occur. Thus, the sensory-motor response of the babies to phonemes allows them to begin the process of learning language in the womb. Dr. Tomatis also observed that by twenty-four weeks the baby blinked its eyes upon hearing music and moved as if dancing to the beat. These results suggest that sound perception and its analysis could be one of the first processes to develop. Likewise, Gardner believes that the musical intelligence is one of the first to be developed in children. Thus, it may be beneficial for mothers to start singing and speaking to their babies in utero to help create the best opportunities for the development of language and music. Perhaps this is why Towell quoted Plato who said, “Music is a more potent instrument than any other for education and children should be taught music before anything else”. Music and Motivation Music can be extremely beneficial for children who are hard to reach because they do not learn through traditional teaching methods. Some teachers have used musical intelligence in their lessons in an effort to address different learning styles. For example, teachers might use math raps and songs to help students learn states and capitals as well as memorize their multiplication facts. The alphabet is even learned through song.

Famous Quotes

“If music be the food of love, play on, Give me excess of it; that surfeiting, The appetite may sicken, and so die.” ― William Shakespeare

“If I were not a physicist, I would probably be a musician. I often think in music. I live my daydreams in 

music. I see my life in terms of music.” ― Albert Einstein

“Music gives a soul to the universe, wings to the mind, flight to the imagination and life to everything.” 

― Plato

“To live is to be musical, starting with the blood dancing in your veins. Everything living has a rhythm. Do you feel your music?” ― Michael Jackson

Gandhiji`s Angerness

No one in the world would be with out angerness. It is just one of the inbuilt characteristics. Of course angry men are great philosophers and genius persons as they think about their disputes and they creatively find ways to undermine the other person. But they do not express it in the form of oral attack or  going through the physical fight. Many people in the world know about `Mahatma Gandhi`, He was a good man and a  great leader. But he had little bit of of anger. When he gets angry on any issue,he simply keeps mum. The silence reflects his angry mood. At that moment Gandhiji doesn't even speak a single word. He just puts up his opinion on the paper and gives it to the followers and leaders. Gandhiji`s anger was channeled towards something that helped society.

Bapuji Said..:

"Anger is like electricity. It's a wonderful source of energy, but it can be very dangerous and destructive,"

*“It is not that I do not get angry. I don't give vent to my anger. I cultivate the quality of patience as angerlessness, and generally speaking, I succeed. But I only control my anger when it comes. How I find it possible to control it would be a useless question, for it is a habit that everyone must cultivate and must succeed in forming by constant practice.”

*“Be the change that you wish to see in the world.”

*“Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.”

*“Your beliefs become your thoughts,

Your thoughts become your words,

Your words become your actions,

Your actions become your habits,

Your habits become your values,

Your values become your destiny.”

Gandhiji just used these techniques in his entire life. And Also Martin Luther King Jr. was an angry man. Many other people who were social activists were more than likely to have been angry as they channeled their anger to something good. It was anger and annoyance that made them step up and do what they did.  

AP APPLE

Many of us have heard the saying `An apple a day keeps the doctor away`.

The apple is crisp and light tasting.

Apple has a plainly delivered and easily palatable taste.

Apples have a good claim to promote health.

Apple fruit is an excellent source of antioxidant flavonoids, phytochemicals, polyphenolic compounds that can get rid of free radicals which damage body tissue and lead to heart disease, strokes and cancer. Some strong antioxidants found in apple fruit are quercetin, catechin, phloridzin, chlorogenic acid, and vitamin C. There are significant amounts of vitamin C in the apple skin. According to research, although the amount of vitamin C in 100 g of apples is only about 5.7 mg, the total antioxidant activity of 100gr of whole apple fruit (with the apple peel) was found to be equivalent to the antioxidant effect of about 1500 mg of vitamin C.

Apple also contains vitamin B-6, vitamin E, vitamin A, pantothenic acid, niacin, folic acid. About minerals, Apple fruit has also magnesium and potassium, two of the important minerals necessary for a healthy heart. Apple also contains galacturonic acid, which lowers the body's need for insulin. This may help diabetics treat their diabetes disease. Apple fruit is also a good source of dietary fiber. They contain Vitamin C, which aids the immune system, and phenols, which reduce cholesterol. They also reduce tooth decay by cleaning one's teeth and killing off bacteria. It has also been suggested by Cornell University researchers that the quercetin found in apples protects brain cells against neuro-degenerative disorders like Alzheimer's Disease. Approximately 81 calories in one medium apple fruit.

Apples grow on small, deciduous trees. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found today. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe, and were brought to North America by European colonists. Apples have been present in the mythology and religions of many cultures, including Norse, Greek and Christian traditions. Apple (Malus pumila) is commercially the most important temperate fruit and is fourth among the most widely produced fruits in the world after banana, orange and grape. China is the largest apple producing country in the world. Apples originated in the Middle East more than 4000 years ago. Spreading across Europe to France, the fruit arrived in England at around the time of the Norman conquest in 1066.

Cultivative Conditions

The apple forms a tree that is small and deciduous, generally standing 6 to 15 feet (1.8 to 4.6 m) tall in cultivation and up to 30 feet (9.1 m) in the wild. The skin of ripe apples is generally red, yellow, green or pink, although many bi- or tri-colored varieties may be found.

Different cultivars are available for temperate and subtropical climates. The apple-growing areas in India do not fall in the temperate zone of the world but the prevailing temperate climate of the region is primarily due to snow covered Himalayan ranges and high altitude which helps meet the chilling requirement during winter season extending from mid-December to mid-March.The agro climatic conditions in these states are not as conducive as in north-western Himalayan region. Early and continuous rains from April onwards do not favour the production of quality fruits besides resulting in high incidence of diseases.

Dry temperate areas suitable for apple cultivation in Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir are most suitable for production of high-quality fruits having intense colour development, high sugar content and longer shelf-life. Apple can be grown at altitudes 1,500-2,700 m. above m.s.l. in the Himalayan range which experience 1,000-1,500 hours of chilling (the no. of hours during which temperature remains at or below 70 C during the winter season). The temperature during the growing season is around 21-240 C. For optimum growth and fruiting, apple trees need 100-125 cm. of annual rainfall, evenly distributed during the growing season. Excessive rains and fog near the fruit maturity period result in poor fruit quality with improper colour development and fungal spots on its surface. Areas exposed to high velocity of winds are not desirable for apple cultivation. Loamy soils, rich in organic matter with pH 5.5 to 6.5 and having proper drainage and aeration are suitable for cultivation.

Is there any chance in A.P?

Certainly Yes, scientists said. They referred Andhra Kashmir Lambasingi village for Apple crop. The village and the surrounding area looks pleasant sleeping under the blanked of fog. Lambasingi is a special place in Andhra Pradesh as the temperature fall below zero degrees centigrade frequently. Lambasingi also has special geographical features. It is a Gram Panchayat that is located between Chintapally and Narsipatnam. The buses that go towards Chintapally from Narsipatnam has to cross Lambasingi. Vehicle drivers have to switch on the lights of their vehicles, as the village is covered by fog even during afternoons. Lambasingi is situated at a height of 3,600 feet from sea level. It has valleys on either sides and so the temperatures at this village are always very low. Sometimes during winter the minimum temperature recorded here is -1.5 degrees. In summer maximum temperature in the afternoon will be not more than 24 degrees. The village is also called Korrubayalu. Korru in local language means to become stiff. Here, all these conditions given eligibility to Lambasingi for Apple cultivation. Some scientific researches are still going on there. Horticulture department also hoped that about apple production in the state. So, In near future Andhra Pradesh also having the stature of apple productivity states in India. Now the most important temperate fruit of the northwestern Himalayan region in India. It is predominantly grown in the states of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland, accounting for about 90% of the total production. Its cultivation has also been extended to Sikkimm and Meghalaya in north-eastern region and Nilgiri hills in Tamil Nadu. Arunachal Pradesh is one of the ideal locations for apple cultivation. If high yielding varieties of apple are introduced in the state.

About 69 million tonnes of apples were grown worldwide in 2010, and China produced almost half of this total. The United States is the second-leading producer, with more than 6% of world production. Turkey is third, followed by Italy, India and Poland. Apples are often eaten raw, but can also be found in many prepared foods (especially desserts) and drinks. Many beneficial health effects are thought to result from eating apples; however, two forms of allergies are seen to various proteins found in the fruit.